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        ¦b¤@¯ë¹}¾i®a¸Vªº¥É¦Ì¡Ð¤j¨§²Ë¹}³¤¤¡A¥Ò²¸Ói»Ä»PÂ÷Ói»Ä§¡¬°­­¨îÓi°ò»Ä¡C0¡ã4 ¶gÄÖÂúÃZ¹ï¥Ò²¸Ói»Äªº»Ý­n¶q¸g´ú©wµ²ªG¬° 0.70%¡]¿cµ¥¡A1992¡^¡A¨ä¶q¤ñ Nitsan et al.¡]1983¡^¦bÃZ°¦´ú±oªº»Ý­n¶q¡]0.58%¡^¬°°ª¡C¦bÂ÷Ói»Ä¤è­±¡ARoberson and Francis¡]1966¡^¥H 1¡ã2 ¶gÄÖ©Î 3¡ã7 ¶gÄÖ¥Õ¦âµØÃZ´ú©wµ²ªG¬° 0.90%¡ANitsan et al.¡]1983¡^¥Î¥H¦â¦C·í¦aÃZ°¦ªº´ú©wµ²ªG¡A¦b 0¡ã2 ¶gÄÖªº»Ý­n¶q¬° 1.07%¡A2¡ã7 ¶gÄÖªº»Ý­n¶q¬° 0.60%¡FSummer et al.¡]1987¡^¥H 0¡ã3 ¶gÄÖ·R¨dµnÃZ´ú©wµ²ªG¬° 0.81%¡A¥»¬ÙÃZ°¦«~ºØ»P«e­z§@ªÌªº³ø§i¤£¦P¡]¿c»P®}¡A1989¡^¡A¥B¸g¹L«~ºØ§ï¨}«á¡]Yanming and Baker, 1993¡^¡A¥Íªø³t²v¤ñ¥H«e§Ö¡A¬°¤F´£¨Ñ§ó¤Á¦X¹ê»ÚªºÀç¾i¤À»Ý­n¶q¡A«h»Ý­n¦A¥[¥H±´°Q´ú©w¡C

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        (¤T)¸ÕÅç¥Î¹}®Æ­ì®Æ¤Î¦å²M¤¤Ói°ò»Ä§t¶q¤§´ú©w¬°¡G¥ý±N¼Ë«~¶i¦æ»Ä¸Ñ«á¡A¥HÓi°ò»Ä¤ÀªR»ö¡]Beckman 6300 «¬¡^¶i¦æ¤ÀªR¡]ªí 2¡F®}»PªL¡A1989¡^¡C¹}®Æ¤§¤ô¤À¤Î²Ê³J¥Õ½è§t¶q¨Ì·Ó AOAC¡]1980¡^¤§¤èªk¤ÀªR¡C

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ªí 1.¡@°ò¦¹}³²Õ¦¨
Table 1.   The composition of basal diet
¦¨                        ¤À Ingredients §t       ¶q amount, %
¶À  ¥É  ¦Ì

¤j  ¨§  ²Ë

¥É¦Ì¾¢½è¯»

¤j  ¨§  ªo

²Ê        ÁR

¥Û¦Ç¥Û¯»

ÁC»Ä²B¶t

ºû¥Í¯À¡ÐÄqª«½è¹w²Vª«a

¸K  ¤Æ  ÆQ

´â¤ÆÁxú^

¼ÚùªÎ SP-500

DL¡Ð¥Ò²¸Ói»Ä

¡@

¦¨¤À¦ôºâ­È

²Ê³J¥Õ½è

¥N  Á  ¯à

¥Ò²¸Ói»Ä

Â÷  Ói  »Ä

Yellow corn, ground

Soybean meal (43.5%)

Corn gluten meal (60%)

Soybean oil

Rice hull

Limestone, pulverized

Dicalcium phosphate

Vitamin-mineral premixa

Iodized salt

Choline chloride, 50%

Aurafac SP-500

DL-Methionine

¡@

Calculated value

Crude protein, %

Metabolizable energy, kcal/kg

Methionine, %

Lysine, %

61.0

18.0

12.0

1.0

3.5

1.3

2.0

0.5

0.3

0.1

0.1

0.2

¡@

¡@

20.0

2980

0.67

0.80

a ¨C¤½¤ç¹}³ºû¥Í¯À¡ÐÄqª«½è²K¥[¶q¡GVitamins and minerals added per kilogram of diet: Vit. A, 4,500 IU; Vit. D3, 900 ICU; Vit. E, 12 IU; Vit. K3, 1 mg; Vit. B1, 2 mg; Vit. B2, 4 mg; Vit. B6, 4.5 mg; Vit. B12, 0.006 mg; Biotin, 0.2 mg; Folic acid, 1 mg; Niacin, 70 mg; Calcium pantothenate, 11 mg; FeSO4.7H2O, 0.4 gm; CuSO4.5H2O, 0.031 gm; MnSO4.5H2O, 0.26 gm; ZnO, 0.075 gm; Na2SeO3, 0.4 mg; KI, 0.6 mg.

¡@

ªí 2.¡@¹}®Æ­ì®Æ¤§Ói°ò»Ä²Õ¦¨
Table 2.  The composition of amino acids in feed ingredients
Ói°ò»Ä Amino acids ¢H ¹}®Æ­ì®Æ  Feed ingredients
¤j¨§²Ë Soybean meal ¥É¦Ì¯» Corn meal ¥É¦Ì¾¢½è¯» Corn gluten meal
¤Ñªù¥V»Ä Aspartic acid

ßm¤BÓi»Ä Threonine

µ· Ói »Ä Serine

²ã Ói »Ä Proline

¥Ì Ói »Ä Glycine

¤þ Ói »Ä Alanine

õé Ói »Ä Valine

¥Ò²¸Ói»Ä Methionine

²§¥ÕÓi»Ä Isoleucine

¥Õ Ói »Ä Leucine

¹T Ói »Ä Tyrosine

­f¤þÓi»Ä Phenylalanine

²Õ Ói »Ä Histidine

Â÷ Ói »Ä Lysine

ºë Ói »Ä Arginine

¡@

²Ê³J¥Õ½è Crude protein

5.55

1.66

1.78

2.43

1.79

1.87

2.19

0.82

2.54

3.85

2.12

2.86

1.32

3.11

3.61

¡@

43.60

0.57

0.29

0.35

0.71

0.28

0.55

0.61

0.33

0.50

1.20

0.57

0.51

0.25

0.27

0.03

¡@

8.30

4.43

2.12

2.78

6.75

1.73

5.88

2.85

1.73

2.52

13.14

4.54

5.45

1.53

1.30

2.36

¡@

59.40

        ¸ÕÅç©Ò´ú±o¤§¼Æ¾Ú¥ý¶i¦æÅܤè¤ÀªR«á¡A¦A¥H¾HªÖ¤ó·s¦hÅܰìªk¡]Duncan's new multiple range test; Steel and Torrie, 1980¡^¤ñ¸û¤£¦P³B²z¶¡ªº®t²§ÅãµÛ©Ê¡C¥H¸ÕÅç 2 ¤§ÂúÃZ¦b 0¡ã2 ¶gÄ֤Π0¡ã4 ¶gÄÖ¤§¼W­«¡A¹ï¹}³¤¤Â÷Ói»Ä§t¶q¶i¦æ°jÂk¤ÀªR¡AµM«á¦A¥H¦±´Òªk¡]Bent-stick method; Morris, 1983¡^¡A¨D¥XÂúÃZ¦b 0¡ã2 ¶gÄ֤Π0¡ã4 ¶gÄÖ¤§Â÷Ói»Ä»Ý­n¶q¡C

µ²ªG»P°Q½×

        ¸ÕÅç 1 ¹}¾i¸ÕÅ礧µ²ªGÅã¥Ü¡]ªí 3¡^¡A°ò¦¹}³¤¤©Ò§t 0.8% Â÷Ói»Ä¡A¤£¯àº¡¨¬ 0¡ã4 ¶gÄÖÂúÃZ³Ì¨Î¥Íªø¤§©Ò»Ý¡A³v¯Å²K¥[Â÷Ói»Ä¦Ü 1.2%¡A¥i±o¨ì³Ì¨Îªº¼W­«¤Î¹}®Æ§Q¥Î®Ä²v¡A¦Ó¹}®Æ±Ä­¹¶qªº®t²§¤£ÅãµÛ¡C¦ý¸ÕÅç¹}³§tÂ÷Ói»Ä 1.0% ¥H¤W®É¡A¼W­«¨ÃµLÅãµÛ§ïµ½¡C0¡ã2 ¶gÄÖ¤§µ²ªGÅã¥Ü¡A¦b¼W­«¤è­±»P 0¡ã4 ¶gÄÖ¤§µ²ªG¦³¬Û¦PªºÁͶաCÁöµM¹}³¤¤§tÂ÷Ói»Ä 1.0% ¥H¤WªÌ¡A¹}®Æ§Q¥Î®Ä²v§Y¨S¦³®t²§¡A¦ý¥H§tÂ÷Ói»Ä 1.0% ªÌ¬°³Ì¨Î¡C

        ¸ÕÅç 2 ÂX¤jÂ÷Ói»Äªº²K¥[¯Å¶Z¬°¨C¯Å 0.2%¡A±q 0.8% ¤@ª½´£°ª¨ì 1.6%¡Cµ²ªGÅã¥Ü¡A¦b 0¡ã2 ¶gÄ֮ɹ}³¤¤§tÂ÷Ói»Ä 1.2% ¥H¤W®É¡AÂúÃZªº¼W­«¤Î¹}®Æ§Q¥Î®Ä²v§Y¨S¦³®t²§¡]P¡Ö0.05¡^¡F¦Ó¹}³§tÂ÷Ói»Ä 1.4% ªÌ¥Íªø©Ê¯à¦³¸û¨ÎªºÁͶաA¦ýÂ÷Ói»Ä§t¶q°ª©ó 1.4% «á¹ï¥Íªø©Ê¯à¤Ï¦Ó¦³¤£§Qªº¼vÅT¡C¦b 0¡ã4 ¶gÄÖÂúÃZªº¹}³¤¤§tÂ÷Ói»Ä 1.0% ¥H¤WªÌ¡A¼W­«¤Î¹}®Æ§Q¥Î®Ä²v§¡µL®t²§¡]P¡Ö0.05¡^¡F¦Ó¹}³§tÂ÷Ói»Ä 1.2% ªÌ¥Íªø©Ê¯à¦³¸û¨ÎªºÁͶաC¹}³Â÷Ói»Ä§t¶q¶W¹L 1.2% ªÌ¡A¹ï¥Íªø©Ê¯à¤Ï¦Ó¦³¤£§Qªº¼vÅT¡C

        ¥H 0¡ã2 ¶gÄ֤Π0¡ã4 ¶gÄÖÂúÃZªº¼W­«­È¹ï¹}³¤¤Â÷Ói»Ä§t¶q¶i¦æ°jÂk¤ÀªR¡A¦A¥H¦±´Òªk¨D¥X 0¡ã2 ¶gÄÖÂúÃZªºÂ÷Ói»Ä»Ý­n¶q¬° 1.36%¡]¹Ï 1¡^¡F0¡ã4 ¶gÄÖÂúÃZªºÂ÷Ói»Ä»Ý­n¶q¬° 1.16%¡]¹Ï 2¡^¡C

        ¬°¤F§ó¶i¤@¨B½T©wÂúÃZ¹ïÂ÷Ói»Äªº»Ý­n¶q¡A¤D¶i¦æ¤F¸ÕÅç 3¡C¥Ñ¸ÕÅç 3 ¤§µ²ªGÅã¥Ü 5¡ã19 ¤éÄÖÂúÃZ¹}³¤¤§tÂ÷Ói»Ä 1.1% ¦Ü 1.5% ¤§¶¡¡A¹ïÂúÃZ¼W­«¤Î¹}®Æ§Q¥Î®Ä²vªº¼vÅT§¡¤£ÅãµÛ¡]P¡Ö0.05¡^¡C¦b 5¡ã33 ¤éÄÖªºÂúÃZ¹}³¤¤¡A§tÂ÷Ói»Ä 1.1% ¦Ü 1.3% ®É¡A¦U³B²z²Õ¶¡ªº®t²§¤£ÅãµÛ¡]P¡Ö0.05¡^¡F¦Ó¹}³¤¤Â÷Ói»Äªº§t¶q¹F 1.4% ®É¡A¼W­«¦³¸û®tªº²{¶H¡C¹}®Æ§Q¥Î®Ä²v¦b¦UºØ¤£¦PÂ÷Ói»Ä§t¶q³B²z²Õ¶¡ªº®t²§¤£ÅãµÛ¡]P¡Ö0.05¡^¡C¦¹µ²ªG»P¸ÕÅç 2 ¤§´ú©wµ²ªG¬Ûªñ¡C

        ÂúÃZ¦å²M´åÂ÷Ói°ò»Ä§t¶q¤]·|¨ü¨ì¹}³¤¤Â÷Ói»Ä§t¶qªº¼vÅT¡]ªí 4¡^¡C¹}³¤¤§tÂ÷Ói»Ä 0.8% ®É¡A¦å²M¤¤Â÷Ói»Ä¡B¥Ò²¸Ói»Ä§t¶q§¡ÅãµÛ¡]P¡Õ0.05¡^ªº§C©ó¹}³¤¤§tÂ÷Ói»Ä 1.2% ªÌ¡C¦ý¹}³¤¤Â÷Ói»Ä§t¶q¹F¨ì 1.4% ©Î¥H¤W®É¡A¦å²M¤¤Ói°ò»Ä§t¶q¤Ï¦Ó¦³­°§Cªº²{¶H¡CµM¦Ó¡A¦å²M¤¤ºëÓi»Ä¡B­f¤þÓi»Ä¤Î¦âÓi»Ä§t¶qªºÅܤÆÁͶը䣤@­P¡C

       ¦å²M¤¤¤Ñªù¥V»ÄÂàÓiúA¤Î¤þÓi»ÄÂàÓiúAªº¬¡©Ê­È§¡¦b¥¿±`½d³ò¥ª¥k¡]33¡ã190 U/l ¤Î 5¡ã14 U/l;Bogin, 1992¡^¡C¹}³¤¤¤£¦PÂ÷Ói»Ä§t¶q¡A¹ï¦å²M¤¤¤Ñªù¥V»ÄÂàÓiúA¬¡©Êªº¼vÅT¤£ÅãµÛ¡C¦ýÂúÃZ¹}³¤¤§tÂ÷Ói»Ä 0.8% ªÌ¡A¤þÓi»ÄÂàÓiúA¬¡©Ê­È¸û°ª¡A²K¥[Â÷Ói»Ä«á¡A¦³­°§C¤þÓi»ÄÂàÓiúA¬¡©Êªº§@¥Î¡C

ªí 3.  ¹}³Â÷Ói»Ä§t¶q¹ï 0¡ã4 ¶gÄÖÂúÃZ¥Íªø©Ê¯àªº¼vÅT
Table 3. Effect of dietary lysine levels on growth performance of goslings (0-4 wk)
Â÷Ói»Ä Lysine ¢H ±Ä­¹¶q Feed intake g/bird/4 wk ¼W­« Gain g/4 wk ¹}®Æ/¼W­« Feed/Gain
¸Õ Åç 1.  Trial 1.

0-2 wk of age

    0.8

    0.9

    1.0

    1.1

    1.2

0-4 wk of age

    0.8

    0.9

    1.0

    1.1

    1.2

¸Õ Åç 2.  Trial 2.

0-2 wk of age

    0.8

    1.0

    1.2

    1.4

    1.6

0-4 wk of age

    0.8

    1.0

    1.2

    1.4

    1.6

¸Õ Åç 3.   Trial 3.

5-19 day of age

    1.1

    1.2

    1.3

    1.4

    1.5

5-33 day of age

    1.1

    1.2

    1.3

    1.4

    1.5

¡@

¡@

900

930

950

970

980

¡@

3736

3837

3956

4104

3926

¡@

¡@

750

830

860

870

930

¡@

2851

3422

3465

3558

3340

¡@

¡@

1284

1255

1451

1430

1446

¡@

3859

4129

4132

4036

3950

¡@

¡@

572a

591ab

638bc

644bc

660c

¡@

1974a

2043ab

2131bc

2131bc

2195c

¡@

¡@

401a

498b

550c

579c

559c

¡@

1552a

1906b

2014b

1957b

1936b

¡@

¡@

842

835

862

875

897

¡@

2005a

1973ab

1979ab

1809b

1872b

¡@

¡@

1.64ab

1.66a

1.48c

1.53bc

1.52bc

¡@

1.97

1.96

1.90

1.96

1.85

¡@

¡@

1.89a

1.68ab

1.53b

1.50b

1.66ab

¡@

1.84

1.80

1.77

1.82

1.79

¡@

¡@

1.63

1.54

1.70

1.63

1.62

¡@

1.93

2.13

2.09

2.22

2.11

a,b,c Data with different superscripts within the same column differ significantly (P¡Õ0.05).

                                 144.gif (10804 bytes)

        ¸ÕÅ礧µ²ªGÅã¥ÜÂúÃZªº¥Íªø³t²v¼W§Ö®É¡AÀç¾i¤Àªº»Ý­n¶q¤]ÀH¤§´£°ª¡CMorris and Abebe¡]1990¡^¤Î Scott et al.¡]1982¡^¦bÂû°¦ªº¸ÕÅç¤]»{¬°¡AÂû°¦±ý¹F³Ì¤j¥Íªø³t²v©Ò»Ý¤§Â÷Ói»Ä¡A·|ÀHµÛ¹}³¤¤³J¥Õ½è§t¶q¤§¼W¥[¦Ó´£°ª¡CBlum¡]1987¡^¤Î Nitsan et al.¡]1983¡^©Ò±ÀÂËÃZ°¦Â÷Ói»Ä»Ý­n¶q¡A¤À§O¬° 0.95% ¤Î 1.07% ¬O°ò©ó²Ê³J¥Õ½è¤À§O¬° 17% ¤Î 18.8% ¤Î¥NÁ¯à¤À§O¬° 2800 kcal/kg ¤Î 2987 kcal/kg ®Éªº±ÀÂ˶q¡CSummer et al.¡]1987¡^¥H§t²Ê³J¥Õ½è 16% ªº¹}³Áýµ¹·R¨dµnÃZ®É¡A±ÀÂ˹}³¤¤»Ý§t 0.81% Â÷Ói»Ä¡CChen and Shen¡]1979¡^¥H§t²Ê³J¥Õ½è 18% ¤§¹}³Áýµ¹Âú¤gµfÀn®É¡A¹}³¤¤Á`Â÷Ói»Äªº§t¶q¬°1.06%¡C¥»¸ÕÅç¥H²Ê³J¥Õ½è 20%¡B¥NÁ¯à 2980 kcal/kg¡A¦b 0¡ã2 ¶gÄ֤Π5¡ã19 ¤éÄÖªº¥Íªø©Ê¯àªí²{Åã¥Ü¡A¹}³¤¤§tÂ÷Ói»Ä 1.4% ©Î 1.5% ®É¡A¼W­«¦³¸û¦nªºÁͶաFÂ÷Ói»Ä§t¶q¦A´£°ª®É¡A«h¦³¥Íªø§í¨îªº²{¶H¡C¦b 0¡ã4 ¶gÄ֮ɡA¥H¹}³¤¤§tÂ÷Ói»Ä 1.2% ªÌ¼W­«¸û¦h¡A¦ý¹}³¤¤Â÷Ói»Ä¦A´£°ª¦Ü 1.4% ©Î¥H¤W®É¡A«hÅã¥Ü¤F§í¨îªº²{¶H¡CJones¡]1961¡^¤Î Jones¡]1964¡^¦b¥ÍªøÂû¹}³²K¥[¹L¶qÂ÷Ói»Ä¡]2% L¡ÐÂ÷Ói»Ä¡^¡A¤]¦³¥Íªø¿ðº¢ªº²{¶H¡C³¯¡]1977¡^¦bº¡¨¬Âú¤gµfÀn»Ý­n¶q¡]1.01%¡^ªº¹}³¤¤¡AÃB¥~²K¥[ 0.5% Â÷Ói»Ä®É¡A¹ï¤gµfÀn¥Íªø¤]¦³»´·L§í¨î§@¥Î¡C¥»¸ÕÅçÅã¥ÜÂúÃZ¹}³¤¤§tÂ÷Ói»Ä 0.8% ®É¼W­«¸û®t¡A²K¥[¦X¦¨Â÷Ói»Ä 0.2% «á¡A¥Íªø©Ê¯à§Y¦³ÅãµÛ§ïµ½¡CSugahara and Kubo¡]1992¡^¥HÂ÷Ói»Ä¤£¨¬ªº¹}³¡]5.95 g/kg¡^Áýµ¹¥ÍªøÂû¡A¨ä¥Íªø©Ê¯à¤]ÅãµÛ¸û®t¡A¦ý²K¥[Â÷Ói»Ä«á¡A¥ç¦³ÅãµÛ§ï¶i¡C

ªí 4.  ¹}³Â÷Ói»Ä§t¶q¹ï 0¡ã4 ¶gÄÖÂúÃZ¦å²M¤¤Ói°ò»Ä¤ÎÂàÓiúA¬¡©Êªº¼vÅT
Table 4. The effects of dietary lysine levels on serum amino acid and aminotransferase activity of goslings (0-4 wk)
Â÷    Ói    »Ä Lysine % Â÷  Ói  »Ä Lysine mg/dl ¥Ò²¸Ói»Ä Methi-onine mg/dl ­f¤þÓi»Ä Phenyl-alanine mg/dl ºë  Ói  »Ä Argi-nine mg/dl ¦â  Ói  »Ä Trypto-phan mg/dl ¤Ñªù¥V»ÄÂàÓiúA Aspartate aminotrans-ferase U/l ¤þÓi»ÄÂàÓiúA Alanine aminotrans-ferase U/l
¸ÕÅç 1.  Trial 1

    0.8

    0.9

    1.0

    1.1

    1.2

¸ÕÅç 2.  Trial 2.

    0.8

    1.0

    1.2

    1.4

    1.6

¸ÕÅç 3.  Trial 3.

    1.1

    1.2

    1.3

    1.4

    1.5

¡@

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡@

15.22a

23.20ab

27.47b

23.53ab

26.15b

¡@

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡@

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡@

10.20ab

13.02b

14.57c

9.13ab

8.52a

¡@

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡@

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡@

17.47ab

20.58ab

23.83a

15.03ab

14.32b

¡@

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡@

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡@

35.70

50.85

43.15

35.37

40.35

¡@

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡@

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡@

25.08ab

29.95a

30.93a

23.17ab

20.82b

¡@

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡@

42.5

38.9

42.4

32.7

38.4

¡@

39.3

44.3

56.1

36.2

51.9

¡@

47.6

48.0

43.7

31.9

37.7

¡@

19.6a

15.3b

16.1b

13.6b

14.9b

¡@

29.5a

16.3ab

16.3ab

13.6b

17.6ab

¡@

13.6

16.8

14.8

13.4

18.7

a,b,c The data with different superscripts within the same column differ significantly (P¡Õ0.05).

        ·í¹}³¤¤Â÷Ói»Ä§t¶q¶W¹L»Ý­n¶q®É¡A¹ï 0¡ã4 ¶gÄÖ©Î 5¡ã33 ¤éÄÖÂúÃZªº±Ä­¹¶qªº¼vÅT¤£ÅãµÛ¡A¦ý¹}³¤¤Â÷Ói»Ä§t¶q¹F 1.4% ©Î¥H¤W®É¡A±Ä­¹¶q¦³­°§CªºÁͶաCÁýµ¹¥ÍªøÂû°¦Ói°ò»Ä¤£¥­¿Åªº¹}³¡]Fisher and Shapiro, 1961¡^¡A©ÎÁýµ¹Âû°¦³æ¤@¥²»ÝÓi°ò»Ä¹L¶qªº¹}³¡]Edmond and Baker, 1987¡^¡A§¡ªí²{¥X±Ä­¹¶q­°§C¤Î¥Íªø©µ½wªº²{¶H¡A¦ý¥u­n§â¹}³¤¤Ói°ò»Ä§t¶q½Õ¾ã¨ì§¡¿Å®É¡A±Ä­¹¶q§Y·|¼W¥[¡A¥Íªø¤]·|±o¨ì§ï¶i¡]Harper, 1956¡^¡C

        ÂúÃZ¹}³¤¤Â÷Ói»Ä§t¶q¥Ñ 0.8% ´£°ª¨ì 1.2% ®É¡A¦å²M¤¤Â÷Ói»Ä§t¶q·|ÅãµÛªº¥Ñ 15.22 m mole/ml ´£°ª¨ì 27.47 m mol/ml¡F¦¹µ²ªG»P Zimmerman and Scott¡]1965¡^¦bÂû©Ò¶i¦æ¤§¸ÕÅçµ²ªG¦³¬Û¦PÁͶաC¦å¼ß¤¤ºëÓi»Ä§t¶qªº®t²§¤£ÅãµÛ¡A¦ý¦b¹}³¤¤§tÂ÷Ói»Ä 1.0% ®É¦³¸û°ªªºÁͶաAÂ÷Ói»Ä¦A¼W¥[®É¡A¦å¤¤ºëÓi»Ä¤Ï¦Ó¦³µy¬°­°§Cªº²{¶H¡A¦¹µ²ªG»P Ohno and Tasaki¡]1972¡^¦bÂû°¦¤§¸ÕÅçµ¹¤©ÃB¥~ªºÂ÷Ói»Ä®É¡A¦³¬Û¦üªºÁͶաC

        ¹}³¤¤Â÷Ói»Ä§t¶q¹ïÂúÃZ¦å²M¤¤¤Ñªù¥V»ÄÂàÓiúA¬¡©Êªº¼vÅT¤£ÅãµÛ¡C½²¡]1993¡^¥H¤gµfÀnÁý¹}¤£¦PÂ÷Ói»Ä§t¶qªº¹}³®É¡A¤]¦³¬Ûªñªºµ²ªG¡C·í¹}³¤¤§t 0.8% Â÷Ói»Ä®É¡A¦å²M¤¤¤þÓi»ÄÂàÓiúAªº¬¡©Ê¡A«oÅãµÛªº°ª©ó¹}³¤¤§tÂ÷Ói»Ä°ª©ó 0.8% ¥H¤WªÌ¡C¦ý¦U³B²z²Õ¤§­È§¡¦b 13.6 U/l ¦Ü 19.6 U/l ¤§¶¡¡A¤´¦b¤@¯ë®a¸V¥¿±`¥Í²z­Èªº¤À§G½d³ò¤º¡]Bogin, 1992¡^¡C

»x¡@ÁÂ

        ¥»¸ÕÅç©Ó¦æ¬F°|¹A·~©e­û·|¸É§U¸ÕÅç¸g¶O¡]82 ¬ì§Þ¡Ð2.12¡Ðªª¡Ð04(9)¡^¡AÂÔ»xÁ§աC¥»¬ì§f»ï¦t³Õ¤h¨ó§U½×¤å¤§­×¥¿¡A¥çªí¥Ñ°JªºÁ·N¡C

°Ñ¦Ò¤åÄm

        ³¯«O°ò¡C1977¡C¤gµfÀn¤§ºëÓi»Ä»PÂ÷Ói»Ä»Ý­n¶q¡CºÓ¤h½×¤å¡C°ê¥ß¥xÆW¤j¾Ç¡C

        ®}ªü¨½¡BªL·ç½´¡C1989¡CÂú¤pÅ髬¦³¦â¦×Âû¤§§t²¸Ói°ò»Ä»Ý­n¶q¡C¤¤°ê¯bªª¾Ç·|·|»x 18(2)¡G13¡ã20¡C

        »OÆW¬Ù¹A·~¦~³ø¡C1995¡C»OÆW¬Ù¬F©²¹AªLÆU¡Ap. 171¡C

        ½²¥@¤@¡C1993¡C¹}³¤¤Â÷Ói»Ä¡B§t²¸Ói°ò»Ä§t¶q¹ï©óÂú¤gµfÀnÂàÓiúA¬¡©Ê¤§¼vÅT¡CºÓ¤h½×¤å¡C°ê¥ß¥xÆW¤j¾Ç¡C

        ¨H²K´I¡C1988¡CÀn°¦Àç¾i¤À»Ý­n¶q¤â¥U¡C°ê¥ß»OÆW¤j¾Ç¦L¡C

        ¿cª÷Âí¡B®}ªü¨½¡C1989¡C¹}³«¬ºA»P¥[¤u¤è¦¡¹ïÃZ°¦¥Íªø©Ê¯à¤Î±OÅé©Êª¬ªº¼vÅT¡C¯b²£¬ã¨s¡A22(1)¡G9¡ã19¡C

        ¿cª÷Âí¡B®}ªü¨½¡C1994¡CÂúÃZ¹ï¯à¶q¤Î³J¥Õ½è»Ý­n¶qªº´ú©w¡C¥xÆW¯bªªÃ~Âå¾Ç·|·|³ø¡A64¡G13¡ã22¡C

        ¿cª÷Âí¡B®}ªü¨½¡B³¯¹B¶¯¡B³¯®Ê»a¡C1992¡CÂúÃZ¹ïÁxú^¤Î¥Ò²¸Ói»Ä»Ý­n¶q¡C¤¤°ê¯bªª¾Ç·|·|»x¡A21(2)¡G157¡ã168¡C

        Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 1980. Official Methods of Analysis. 13th ed., Washington D.C.

        Blum, J. C. 1987. Feeding of Non-ruminant Livestock. Edited in France, INRA, Translated and edited by Julian Wiseman, p. 110¡ã112.

        Bogin, E. 1992.  Handbook for Veterinary Clinical Chemistry. Kimron Veterinary Institute, Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, POB, 12 Bet-Dagan 50250, Israel, p. 5¡ã1.

        Chen, B. J. and T. F. Shen. 1979. Studies on duck nutrition. ¢». Arginine and lysine requirements of mule ducklings. Poultry Sci. 58¡G1316¡ã1320.

        Edmonds, M. S. and D. H. Baker. 1987. Comparative effect of individual amino acid excesses when added to a corn-soybean meal diet: effects on growth and dietary choice in the chick. J. Anim. Sci. 65¡G699¡ã705.

        Fisher, H. and R. Shapiro. 1961. Amino acid imbalance: rations low in tryptophan, methionine or lysine and the efficiency of utilization of nitrogen in  imbalanced rations. J. Nutr. 75¡G395¡ã401.

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¡@

¡@

Lysine Requirements of White Roman Goslings

Jin-Jenn Lu(1), Shyh-Renn Chou(2), Yen-Ming Hong(1),

Kuo-Chin Wu(3), Lih-Tzyy Yeh(3) and Ching-Chang Chen(4)

Received Nov. 30, 1995; Accepted Apr. 15, 1996

ABSTRACT

        Five hundred and fifty sexed White Roman goslings were allotted in three trials, to study the lysine requirements of goslings from 0 to 4 weeks of age.  In trial 1, the basal diet was composed of corn-soybean meal and corn gluten meal. Lysine levels were from 0.8% in the basal diet up to 1.2% by increment of 0.1% with L-lysine supplementation. Each treatment had 2 replicates of 15 goslings per replicate.  In trial 2, lysine levels were from 0.8% to 1.6% with a 0.2% lysine stepwise increment.  In trial 3, lysine levels were from 1.1% to 1.5% with a 0.1% increment.  In trial 2 and trial 3, each diet was fed to 2 replicates of 20 goslings each in 5 treatments. Growth performance was measured and blood content of lysine and transaminases were analyzed, as the criteria of measuring the lysine requirements.

        No differences in weight gain (P¡Ö0.05) among treatments were found as dietary lysine were above 1.0%.  Weight gain and feed/gain ratio reached the best when the diet contained 1.2% lysine. However, when lysine was above 1.3%, inferior growth performance showed up. In trial 2, the optimum lysine requirements were estimated through regression analysis.  The optimum lysine requirement for goslings with 0-2 weeks of age were estimated to be 1.36% in diet, and 1.16% in diet for 0-4 weeks of age.

        The impact of diet lysine on blood characteristics of goslings was quite variable.  From trial 2, lysine in serum was found low and the alanine aminotransferase was high with a 0.8% dietary lysine level. When the dietary lysine was above 1.0%, lysine in serum increased and alanine aminotransferase decreased.¡]Key Words¡GWhite Roman Goslings, Lysine, Requirements¡^

¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w

(1)Department of Animal Science, National Chia-Yi Institute of Agriculture, Chia-Yi 60083, Taiwan, Republic of China.
(2)Department of Veterinary Medicine National Chia-Yi Institute of Agriculture, Chia-Yi 60083, Taiwan, Republic of China.
(3)Chang-Hua Breeding Animal Propagation Station, Taiwan Livestock Research Institute, Chang-Hua, Taiwan, Republic of China.
(4)Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.

¤¤°ê¯bªª¾Ç·|·|»x ²Ä25¨÷ ²Ä2´Á 139¡ã148, 1996